Ardeidae

 Ardeidae


Introduction

The Ardeidae (or ardeids) are a family of birds made up of 19 genera and 67 species of herons, egrets, bitterns and related species (crabbers, night herons, savacou, onorés and bittern).

  The Ardeidae are a family of wading birds.


Birds of the family Aradeidae (Ardeidae) are waders of the order Pelecaniformes. In Quebec, you can see egrets, night herons, bitterns, herons, and bitterns. This family includes 67 species worldwide, of which a dozen can be observed in Canada.


They are large wading birds, the smallest of which, in Quebec, is the least bittern. With a few exceptions, they are aquatic birds, some of which live in open areas, near banks, in marshes and other waterways where they feed. They feed on batrachians, larvae, invertebrates, insects, and small crustaceans that they capture in the shallow waterways they frequent.

Depending on the species, they can measure between 27 and 140 cm. They have a long neck, long legs, and a very short tail. They are fairly stocky-bodied birds with long, broad, rounded-tipped wings. The narrow, pointed beak is usually longer in length than the head, allowing them to spear passing fish or frogs. They usually remain motionless, slowly approaching prey and quickly capturing it once it is within range.

The long legs are provided with long tapered fingers which give them good stability at the bottom of the water, or on the branches. There are few or no dismorphisms, and females and males are identical. Several have ornamental crests or feathers during the mating season. The majority have a lore, the part between the beak and the eye, devoid of feathers.

Most Ardeidae build a nest in a tree, a bush, or on a platform, with branches, which they then line with grass, stems, and other materials. With a few exceptions, both parents take turns incubating the eggs, while the other feeds.

The babies are covered in down from birth. They are altricial and stay in the nest for a good period of time, during which they are fed by both parents. Species that nest in the northern part of the globe during summer then migrate south once autumn arrives, returning to warmer regions where prey will be available.

We will identify the different species of Ardeidae by their colors, patterns, size and other physical characteristics of the animal. 



Description

These birds are medium to large (27 to 140 cm) waders with long beaks, long necks and long legs.
Alphabetical list of genres

    Agamia (f.) Reichenbach, 1853
    Ardea Linnaeus, 1758
    Ardeola Boie, 1822
    Botaurus Stephens, 1819
    Bubulcus Bonaparte, 1855
    Butorides Blyth, 1852
    Cochlearius (m.) Brisson, 1760
    Dupetor Heine & Reichenow, 1890
    Egretta Forster, 1817
    Gorsachius Bonaparte, 1855
    Ixobrychus Billberg, 1828
    Nyctanassa Stejneger, 1887
    Nycticorax Forster, 1817
    Philherodius Bonaparte, 1855
    Syrigma Ridgway, 1878
    Tigriornis (f.) Sharpe, 1895
    Tigrisoma (n.) Swainson, 1827
    Zebrilus (m.) Bonaparte, 1855
    Zonerodius (m.) Salvadori, 1882


Habitats and distribution

Cosmopolitan with the exception of Antarctica, they show the greatest diversity in the tropics. They frequent a wide variety of wetlands; a few species are primarily terrestrial.


List of species

According to the reference classification of the International Ornithological Congress:


Subfamily Tigrisomatinae Payne and Risley, 1976

    Onore phaeton — Zonerodius heliosylus (Lesson, 1828)
    White-crested Onora — Tigriornis leucolopha (Jardine, 1846)
    Striped Onorah — Tigrisoma lineatum (Boddaert, 1783)
    Fascinating Onore — Tigrisoma fasciatum (Such, 1825)
    Mexican Onorah — Tigrisoma mexicanum Swainson, 1834
    Agami heron — Agami agami (Gmelin, 1789)

Subfamily Cochleariinae Chenu & Des Murs, 1854


    Crested Savacou — Cochlearius cochlearius (Linnaeus, 1766)

Subfamily Botaurinae Reichenbach, 1850

    Onore zigzag — Zebrilus undulatus (Gmelin, 1789)
    Bittern — Botaurus stellaris
    Australian Bittern — Botaurus poiciloptilus
    American Bittern — Botaurus lentiginosus
    Mirasol Bittern — Botaurus pinnatus
    Variegated bittern — Ixobrychus involucris
    Least Bittern — Ixobrychus exilis
    Least Bittern — Ixobrychus minutus
    Chinese bittern — Ixobrychus sinensis
    Schrenck's Bittern — Ixobrychus eurhythmus
    Cinnamon bittern — Ixobrychus cinnamomeus
    Sturm's Bittern — Ixobrychus sturmii
    Black-backed Bittern — Ixobrychus dubius
    Yellow-naped Bittern — Dupetor flavicollis

Subfamily Ardeinae Leach, 1820; including Nycticoracinae Bonaparte, 1854

    Gorsachius magnificus – Superb night heron
    Gorsachius goisagi – Night Heron goisagi
    Gorsachius melanolophus – Malayan night heron
    Gorsachius leuconotus – White-backed night heron
    Nycticorax nycticorax – Black-crowned Night Heron
    Nycticorax caledonicus – Cinnamon night heron
    Nyctanassa violacea – Violet Night-Heron
    Butorides virescens – Green Heron
    Butorides sundevalli – Galapagos heron
    Butorides striata – Striped Heron
    Ardeola ralloides – Hairy crabeater
    Ardeola grayii – Grey's crabeater
    Ardeola bacchus – Chinese crabeater
    Ardeola speciosa – Malayan crabeater
    Ardeola idae – White crabeater
    Ardeola rufiventris – Rufous-bellied crabeater
    Bubulcus ibis – Cattle Egret
    Bubulcus coromandus – Asiatic oxguard
    Ardea cinerea – Gray Heron
    Ardea herodias – Great Blue Heron
    Ardea cocoi – Cocoi Heron
    Ardea pacifica – White-headed Heron
    Ardea melanocephala – melanocephalic heron
    Ardea humbloti – Humblot's heron
    Ardea insignis – Imperial Heron
    Ardea sumatrana – Typhoon heron
    Ardea goliath – Heron goliath
    Ardea purpurea – purple heron
    Ardea alba – Great Egret
    Ardea modesta – Australasian Egret
    Pilherodius pileatus – Capped Heron
    Syrigma sibilatrix – Sunflute Heron
    Egretta intermedia – Intermediate heron
    Egretta picata – Pied heron
    Egretta novaehollandiae – White-faced Egret
    Egretta rufescens – Reddish Egret
    Egretta ardesiaca – Slaty Egret
    Egretta vinaceigula – Slaty Egret
    Egretta tricolor – Tricolored Egret
    Egretta caerulea – Blue Egret
    Egretta thula – Snowy Egret
    Egretta garzetta – Little Egret
    Egretta gularis – White-throated Egret
    Egretta dimorpha – Dimorphic Egret
    Egretta sacra – Sacred Egret
    Egretta eulophotes – Chinese Egret


extinct species


    Reunion night-heron — Nycticorax duboisi
    Mauritius night heron — Nycticorax mauritianus
    Rodrigues night heron — Nycticorax megacephalus

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